图4.1 Structure of single overhead camshaft and direct drive type valve train上置凸轮轴、直接驱动式配气机构

(a)single overhead camshaft单上置凸轮轴(SOHC); (b)double overhead camshaft双上置凸轮轴(DOHC)

1—mechanical tappet机械挺柱；2—valve clearance adjusting skid气门间隙调整垫块；3—camshaft凸轮轴；4—valve spring place气门弹簧座；5—valve lock气门锁片；6—valve spring气门弹簧；7—valve pipe气门导管；8—valve气门；9—valve seat insert气门座圈；10—hydraulic tappet stem液压挺柱

图4.2 Slide camshaft valve train侧置凸轮轴式配气机构

1—timing sprocket shield正时链罩；2—timing chain and sprocket正时链和链轮；3—camshaft thrust flange凸轮轴止推凸缘；4—cylinder head cover气缸盖罩；5—rocker shaft assembly摇臂轴总成；6—push rod推杆；7—hydraulic tappet液力挺杆；8—camshaft凸轮轴；9—chain shock absorber链减振器；10—chain tensioning device链张紧装置

图4.3 Underhead camshaft valve train下置凸轮轴式配气机构

1—camshaft凸轮轴；2—tappet气门挺杆；3—tappet guide way挺杆导向体；4—push rod推杆；5—rocker bearing block摇臂轴承座；6—rocker摇臂；7—rocker shaft摇臂轴；8—valve spring place气门弹簧座；9—valve clearance气门间隙；10—valve lock气门锁片；11—valve oil seal气门油封；12—valve spring气门弹簧；13—valve pipe气门导管；14—valve seat气门座；15—valve气门；16—crankshaft曲轴

图4.4 Engine with middle camshaft valve train采用中置凸轮轴式配气机构的发动机

1—camshaft凸轮轴；2—tappet挺柱；3—locking nut锁紧螺母；4—valve clearance adjusting bolt气门间隙调整螺钉；5—rocker摇臂；6—rocker shaft摇臂轴；7—valve lock气门锁片；8—valve spring place insert气门弹簧座；9—valve spring气门弹簧；10—valve气门；11—valve seat insert气门座圈

图4.5 Parts of valve气门组零件

1—valve lock气门锁片；2—valve spring top place气门弹簧上座；3—valve oil seal气门油封；4—valve internal spring气门内弹簧；5—valve pipe气门导管；6—valve outer spring气门外弹簧；7—intake valve seat进气门座；8—valve spring substructure气门弹簧下座；9—intake valve进气门；10—exhaust valve排气门；11—exhaust valve seat排气门座

图4.6 Components of valve气门的组成

1—head头部；2—stem杆部

图4.7 Valve pipe and valve seat气门导管及气门座

1—valve pipe气门导管；2—clasp卡环；3—cylinder head气缸盖；4—valve seat气门座

图4.8 Structure of camshaft凸轮轴的构造

1—journal轴颈；2—cam凸轮；3—eccentric-cam偏心轮；4—sprial gear螺旋齿轮

图4.9 Component of rocker arm assembly摇臂总成的组成

1—plug堵塞；2—rocker shaft摇臂轴；3—bolt螺栓；4—rocker shaft screw摇臂轴紧固螺钉；5—rocker shaft bearing摇臂轴支座；6—rocker bush摇臂衬套；7—rocker摇臂；8—adjusting screw locking nut调整螺钉锁紧螺母；9—valve clearance adjusting bolt气门间隙调整螺钉；10—rocker shaft middle studdle摇臂轴中间支撑；11—location spring定位弹簧

图4.10 Hydraulic tappet stem液压挺柱

1—ejector-body挺柱体；2—one-way valve shelf单向阀架；3—plunger柱塞；4—clasp卡环；5—push rod bearing推杆支座；6—disc spring碟形弹簧；7—one-way valve单向阀；8—plunger spring柱塞弹簧；9—plunger lumen柱塞内腔；10—tappet lumen挺杆体内腔

图4.11 Valve spring气门弹簧

(a)constant pitch spring等螺距弹簧；(b)variable pitch spring变螺距弹簧；(c)cone spring圆锥弹簧；(d)constant pitch double spring变螺距双弹簧

图4.12 Push rod推杆

(a)steel solid push rod钢制实心推杆；(b)duralumin bar push rod硬铝棒推杆；(c)、(d)steel pipe push rod钢制空心推杆

1—spherical ball球头；2—ball seat球座